{
  "title": "AI Search Visibility in Italia",
  "edition": "2026",
  "version": "1.0",
  "canonical_url": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/",
  "author": {
    "name": "Gentian Hajdaraj",
    "url": "https://gentian.it/",
    "id": "https://gentian.it/#person",
    "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6955-460X",
    "same_as": [
      "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6955-460X",
      "https://github.com/gentian-hajdaraj",
      "https://huggingface.co/gentian-hajdaraj",
      "https://www.kaggle.com/gentianhajdaraj"
    ]
  },
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Telescop Research",
    "url": "https://telescop.it/research/",
    "id": "https://telescop.it/research/#organization"
  },
  "report_publication_date": "2026-09-05",
  "editorial_revision_date": "2026-09-24",
  "collection_period": {
    "start": "2026-09-03",
    "end": "2026-09-05",
    "timezone": "Europe/Rome"
  },
  "scope": {
    "total_queries": 500,
    "main_panel_queries": 480,
    "control_queries": 20,
    "ai_surfaces": 4,
    "replicates": 3,
    "total_observations": 6000,
    "main_panel_observations": 5760,
    "commercial_brand_families": 529
  },
  "surfaces": [
    {
      "name": "ChatGPT",
      "main_panel_observations": 1440,
      "surface_rate_percent": 100,
      "unprompted_brand_visibility_percent": 54.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Gemini",
      "main_panel_observations": 1440,
      "surface_rate_percent": 100,
      "unprompted_brand_visibility_percent": 64.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Google AI Mode",
      "main_panel_observations": 1440,
      "surface_rate_percent": 100,
      "unprompted_brand_visibility_percent": 74.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Google AI Overview",
      "main_panel_observations": 1440,
      "surface_rate_percent": 75.07,
      "unprompted_brand_visibility_percent": 50.49
    }
  ],
  "public_findings": {
    "google_ai_mode_unprompted_brand_visibility_percent": 74.93,
    "google_ai_overview_unprompted_brand_visibility_total_percent": 50.49,
    "google_ai_overview_unprompted_brand_visibility_when_surface_present_percent": 67.25,
    "brand_divergence_percent_range": [
      55.88,
      62.2
    ],
    "source_divergence_percent_range": [
      82.77,
      91.27
    ]
  },
  "measures": [
    "Unprompted Commercial Brand Visibility",
    "brand ranking",
    "brand divergence",
    "source ecosystem",
    "source divergence",
    "run-to-run range"
  ],
  "does_not_measure": [
    "market share",
    "population preference",
    "sales",
    "conversions",
    "commercial causality"
  ],
  "methodology_url": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/methodology/",
  "dataset": {
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22640375",
    "record_url": "https://zenodo.org/records/22640375",
    "version": "v1.0",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0",
    "landing_url": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/",
    "same_as": [
      "https://zenodo.org/records/22640375",
      "https://github.com/gentian-hajdaraj/ai-search-visibility-italia",
      "https://huggingface.co/datasets/gentian-hajdaraj/ai-search-visibility-italia",
      "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/gentianhajdaraj/ai-search-visibility-italia"
    ],
    "included_in_data_catalog": "https://telescop.it/research/#catalog",
    "distributions": {
      "frozen_panel_csv": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/methodology/data/panel-500.csv",
      "research_summary_json": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/research-summary-v1.0.json",
      "public_summary_csv": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/public-summary.csv",
      "dataset_methodology_zip": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/methodology/data/ai-search-visibility-italia-dataset-methodology-v1.0.zip"
    }
  },
  "public_assets": {
    "research_summary_json": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/research-summary-v1.0.json",
    "brand_metrics_json": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/brand-metrics-v1.2.json",
    "source_methodology_json": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/source-methodology-v1.1.json",
    "panel_csv": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/methodology/data/panel-500.csv",
    "public_summary_csv": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/public-summary.csv",
    "citation_bib": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/citation.bib",
    "citation_ris": "https://telescop.it/research/ai-search-visibility-italia/data/citation.ris"
  },
  "limitations": [
    "The panel covers ten sectors and is not representative of all possible Italian-language searches.",
    "Results refer to the observed time window; models, retrieval, sources and interfaces can change.",
    "Brand mentions, recommendations and citations are distinct phenomena.",
    "Source comparisons and brand comparisons use different inclusion bases and rules.",
    "The public materials do not include raw text for all provider responses or operational databases."
  ],
  "disclosure": "Telescop Research designed, collected and analysed the study. Telescop also develops commercial AI visibility and intelligence services; the research methodology discloses this relationship.",
  "note": "The DOI identifies the frozen dataset and methodology v1.0, not the web report itself.",
  "replication_scope": {
    "supports": "Independent replication of the research design using the frozen 500-query panel and published methodological definitions.",
    "does_not_include": [
      "original 6,000 raw responses",
      "provider collection/runtime infrastructure",
      "complete entity extraction and entity linking pipeline",
      "internal alias registry and full normalization rules",
      "production semantic classifiers",
      "complete deterministic QA and attribution logic",
      "full production analysis code"
    ],
    "interpretation": "Independent reruns should be treated as replication studies, not byte-for-byte reproduction of the published outputs."
  }
}